圖1?通過(guo)式(shi)高壓(ya)噴淋清洗線(xian)（帶(dai)烘(hong)干）

像汽(qi)(qi)車(che)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋通(tong)過式噴淋清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機這一(yi)(yi)類的(de)大型(xing)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)設(she)備(bei)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機生產線(xian)上是非常(chang)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)輔(fu)助設(she)備(bei)，主要(yao)(yao)就是為了(le)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機的(de)每個零(ling)部件(jian)。在(zai)(zai)生活中有車(che)一(yi)(yi)族的(de)可能會考慮到，車(che)開久了(le)，發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋怎么(me)(me)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)不(bu)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)？答案肯(ken)定是需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)。只是一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)會有人(ren)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門買一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)那(nei)么(me)(me)大的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)設(she)備(bei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門為了(le)半年或一(yi)(yi)年一(yi)(yi)次清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋等(deng)(deng)零(ling)配件(jian)。私人(ren)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)案例一(yi)(yi)般是買比較小型(xing)的(de)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機來清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)噴油嘴、火(huo)花(hua)塞等(deng)(deng)比較容易拆卸的(de)零(ling)配件(jian)。如果需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)全(quan)面清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機零(ling)配件(jian)的(de)，通(tong)常(chang)是送到專(zhuan)(zhuan)門的(de)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)美容店進(jin)行專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。所以一(yi)(yi)般會購(gou)買超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機設(she)備(bei)的(de)有汽(qi)(qi)修店、汽(qi)(qi)車(che)美容店或汽(qi)(qi)車(che)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機生產廠家等(deng)(deng)。

以上是題外話，本(ben)文(wen)主要是著重對缸體缸蓋的最終清洗(xi)機每個工位的功能(neng)以及作用進行詳細的分(fen)析。

圖2?通(tong)過式高壓噴淋清(qing)洗線（帶(dai)烘干）

1.清洗機概述

清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為三種，通常分(fen)(fen)(fen)為中(zhong)間清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)、CMM清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)以(yi)及最(zui)終清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)。而在下文會著(zhu)重分(fen)(fen)(fen)析發動機(ji)缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋的(de)最(zui)終清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)的(de)相關功能以(yi)及作用。

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2.缸體缸蓋最終清洗機各個(ge)工(gong)位的功(gong)能(neng)及(ji)作用

2.1浪(lang)涌清(qing)洗(xi)工位

工(gong)(gong)件通(tong)過機動滾道進入到(dao)(dao)本(ben)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)浪(lang)涌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)中，有到(dao)(dao)位(wei)(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)被設置(zhi)在輸送裝置(zhi)上，對工(gong)(gong)件的(de)是(shi)否(fou)到(dao)(dao)位(wei)(wei)(wei)進行(xing)檢測，同時發令，停止(zhi)滾道的(de)輸送，關閉浪(lang)涌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)的(de)插門。有浪(lang)涌儲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)被配備(bei)在這(zhe)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)中，打(da)開(kai)浪(lang)涌清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)泵電磁閥(fa)之(zhi)后(hou)，供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到(dao)(dao)浪(lang)涌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)內(nei)，在供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)完(wan)畢之(zhi)后(hou)減速機驅動鼓輪回(hui)轉(zhuan)裝置(zhi)就(jiu)會旋轉(zhuan)工(gong)(gong)件270度(du)，固定攪(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)嘴就(jiu)會噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，通(tong)過膠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)嘴以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)件旋轉(zhuan)的(de)攪(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，就(jiu)會讓水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紊流和翻騰，就(jiu)可以利用涮洗(xi)(xi)功能對工(gong)(gong)件的(de)內(nei)表(biao)面以及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)道腔進行(xing)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)；在完(wan)成清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)之(zhi)后(hou)，將排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)插門打(da)開(kai)，進行(xing)防水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，對工(gong)(gong)件不斷進行(xing)倒水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)操作(zuo)，這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)能夠讓下(xia)一(yi)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)吹干工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)更加方(fang)便的(de)進行(xing)，然(ran)后(hou)打(da)開(kai)出料插門，輸送工(gong)(gong)件到(dao)(dao)下(xia)一(yi)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)上。

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2.2升降(jiang)清洗工位

在(zai)工(gong)件完(wan)成浪涌清洗(xi)工(gong)位的(de)清洗(xi)之后，就會進(jin)(jin)入到(dao)升(sheng)降清洗(xi)工(gong)位當中，到(dao)位檢測開關(guan)檢測到(dao)工(gong)件之后就會停(ting)止(zhi)滾(gun)道，同時伸出止(zhi)回器，根據PLC的(de)指令讓(rang)噴(pen)嘴(zui)和水箱進(jin)(jin)行有(you)規律的(de)升(sheng)降運動，清洗(xi)工(gong)件三面(mian)的(de)表(biao)面(mian)和孔隙(xi)。為(wei)了讓(rang)清洗(xi)效果能夠得到(dao)保證，水箱會不斷的(de)上(shang)升(sheng)和下(xia)降來進(jin)(jin)行清洗(xi)的(de)工(gong)作。在(zai)這樣的(de)工(gong)作循環(huan)過(guo)幾次之后，就會停(ting)止(zhi)水箱的(de)上(shang)升(sheng)。

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2.3橫移清洗(xi)工位

在(zai)工件完成(cheng)了(le)(le)升降清(qing)洗工位(wei)的(de)清(qing)洗之后(hou)就會(hui)進(jin)入(ru)到橫(heng)移清(qing)洗工位(wei)當(dang)中，到位(wei)檢測開關檢測到工件之后(hou)就會(hui)落下兩端的(de)插門，PLC會(hui)發出(chu)指令(ling)，讓(rang)滾道在(zai)減速機的(de)帶動作用下對(dui)噴(pen)嘴和驅動水箱進(jin)行橫(heng)移運(yun)動，清(qing)洗工件三面的(de)表面和孔隙(xi)。為(wei)了(le)(le)讓(rang)清(qing)洗效果得到保證，水箱的(de)橫(heng)移會(hui)不斷的(de)循環。在(zai)循環的(de)次數達到了(le)(le)規定的(de)次數之后(hou)，就會(hui)停止水箱的(de)橫(heng)移。

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2.4升降吹干工位

在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)完成了以上幾項清洗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)的(de)(de)清洗之(zhi)后，就(jiu)會進(jin)入(ru)到升降(jiang)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)當中，這時(shi)候會有大量的(de)(de)水漬(zi)殘(can)留在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)表面上。升降(jiang)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)利用(yong)了壓(ya)縮的(de)(de)空氣(qi)，這樣就(jiu)能夠讓工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)入(ru)下(xia)一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)或者(zhe)入(ru)庫管理更加的(de)(de)方便和快捷(jie)。在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)入(ru)到升降(jiang)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)之(zhi)后，到位(wei)檢測(ce)開(kai)關(guan)檢測(ce)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，停(ting)止滾道的(de)(de)運(yun)作(zuo)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)夾(jia)緊(jin)機構夾(jia)緊(jin)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，關(guan)閉插門，前(qian)后吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱(xiang)和上下(xia)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱(xiang)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)往(wang)復的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)操作(zuo)，在下(xia)降(jiang)到最低位(wei)的(de)(de)時(shi)候稍(shao)作(zuo)停(ting)頓(dun)，用(yong)來(lai)對(dui)重點孔系進(jin)行(xing)(xing)定(ding)點的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)，對(dui)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)前(qian)后表面則通過(guo)(guo)升降(jiang)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)來(lai)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)；通過(guo)(guo)不同(tong)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)協(xie)作(zuo)來(lai)完成對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)。

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2.5真(zhen)空干燥工位

最終(zhong)清洗機(ji)(ji)當(dang)(dang)中(zhong)，真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)干燥(zao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)特別(bie)加入的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)干燥(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，原因(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)最終(zhong)清洗機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擺放位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)通(tong)常是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完全之(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，為(wei)讓(rang)讓(rang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)儲(chu)(chu)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程當(dang)(dang)中(zhong)不會(hui)(hui)發(fa)生生銹的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)入庫儲(chu)(chu)存(cun)對(dui)于發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)干燥(zao)度(du)要求非常高。在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)經(jing)過升(sheng)降吹干工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內腔還是(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)存(cun)在(zai)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)漬(zi)。因(yin)此(ci)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)干燥(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能就是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)殘留水(shui)漬(zi)進(jin)行干燥(zao)，讓(rang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)能夠完全的(de)(de)(de)(de)干燥(zao)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)離(li)(li)開升(sheng)降吹干工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)后(hou)進(jin)入到真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)室內，檢測到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)到位(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)后(hou)伸出(chu)止(zhi)回器和(he)擋(dang)料(liao)器，停止(zhi)滾道的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)作。分(fen)離(li)(li)離(li)(li)合器，關閉兩(liang)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)插(cha)門讓(rang)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)室形成一個密閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)腔體(ti)。真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵組對(dui)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)口進(jin)行抽出(chu)，將水(shui)汽抽掉(diao)，降低箱體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力降，快速汽化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)上附著的(de)(de)(de)(de)殘留水(shui)漬(zi)。在(zai)完成干燥(zao)之(zhi)后(hou)，打(da)開前后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)插(cha)門門板，輸送工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)到下一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)(dang)中(zhong)。

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2.6輔(fu)助(zhu)水箱及刮板排(pai)屑工位

輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)及刮(gua)板排(pai)屑工(gong)位的(de)作(zuo)用就是對清(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)進行(xing)儲存(cun)，來(lai)對各個清(qing)洗(xi)工(gong)位的(de)使用進行(xing)供應。輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)分成兩(liang)個部分，分別是污液(ye)箱(xiang)和凈液(ye)箱(xiang)，清(qing)洗(xi)泵將凈液(ye)箱(xiang)里面的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)泵到(dao)各個清(qing)洗(xi)工(gong)位上(shang)，清(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)在清(qing)洗(xi)工(gong)位的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)完(wan)成之后就會回到(dao)污液(ye)箱(xiang)內(nei)，通過過濾(lv)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)來(lai)連接(jie)兩(liang)腔，過濾(lv)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)旋轉(zhuan)由電(dian)機(ji)來(lai)帶動，有過濾(lv)網在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)上(shang)，清(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)經(jing)過過濾(lv)網的(de)過濾(lv)之后重新流入到(dao)凈水(shui)箱(xiang)當中(zhong)(zhong)，用來(lai)進行(xing)下一(yi)輪的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)工(gong)作(zuo)，過濾(lv)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)通過電(dian)機(ji)的(de)帶動也帶動了排(pai)屑刮(gua)板將雜質帶入運屑車當中(zhong)(zhong)。在輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)上(shang)，有三個液(ye)位發令開關，用來(lai)控制機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)加液(ye)工(gong)作(zuo)。

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